Lung transplant is a medical procedure in which a damaged or diseased lung is replaced with a healthy lung from a donor. This procedure is typically considered as a last resort for individuals with end-stage lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, or pulmonary hypertension, who have not responded to other treatments. The goal of lung transplant is to improve the patient's quality of life, ability to breathe, and overall prognosis. The success of a lung transplant depends on a variety of factors, including the patient's overall health, compatibility with the donor lung, and proper post-operative care. Research in the field of lung transplant focuses on improving outcomes for patients undergoing the procedure, reducing the risk of rejection and infection, increasing the availability of donor organs, and developing new techniques and treatments to extend the life of the transplanted lung. Additionally, researchers are also exploring alternatives to traditional lung transplants, such as ex vivo lung perfusion and stem cell therapy.